Uneven water distribution Possible Cause: Broken or plugged nozzles and/or distribution piping; broken fill; distributing pan out of level; excessive or uneven water flow Remedy:…
Category: Cooling Tower
Because the hydraulic problems associated with forebay design are functions of many variables, analysis of expected flow conditions is difficult. Unfortunately, outside circumstances often force…
The recommended forebay dimensions and layouts as shown in Figures 2200-6 through 2200-8 are applicable to facilities with either horizontal or vertical pumps in the…
The following general guidelines are applicable to forebays with vertical pumps at capacities exceeding 3000 GPM; these standards should be used in conjunction with the…
The following general guidelines are applicable to forebays with horizontal pumps at capacities in excess of 3000 GPM; these standards should be used in conjunction…
The following general guidelines are applicable to forebays with capacities exceeding 3000 GPM and either horizontal or vertical pumps. 1. Ideally, a straight channel approaching…
Forebay design is based on the Hydraulic Institute Standards for sump design. Continuing research on rectangular, free surface wet pit sumps with 3000 to 300,000…
This section provides basic concepts and guidelines for cooling tower forebay design. Past experience has shown that a poorly designed cooling tower forebay will severely…
In some areas, effluent must meet fish toxicity requirements. Biocides can be toxic to fish and must be used with care. They should be chosen…
Minimizing blowdown makes sense from both an economic and environmental standpoint. Depending on the location, makeup water costs can range from 40 cents to $4.00…